Forskning

July 30, 2014

First trimester coffee and tea intake and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a study within a national birth cohort

S N Hinkle et al, 2014, First trimester coffee and tea intake and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a study within a national birth cohort. British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, published online ahead of print.

Human Study – Gestational Diabetes

ABSTRACT: Objective: Coffee and tea consumption is associated with a decreased type 2 diabetes risk in non‐pregnant adults. We examined the relation between first trimester coffee and tea consumption and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. Design: Population‐based cohort study. Setting: Denmark 1996‐2002. Population: Non‐diabetic women with singleton pregnancies in the Danish National Birth Cohort (n = 71 239). Methods: Estimated adjusted relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the association between first trimester coffee and tea or estimated total caffeine and GDM. Main Outcome Measures: GDM ascertained from the National Hospital Discharge Register or maternal interview. Results: Coffee or tea intake was reported in 81.2% (n = 57 882) and 1.3% (n = 912) of pregnancies were complicated by GDM. Among non‐consumers, 1.5% of pregnancies were complicated by GDM. Among coffee drinkers, GDM was highest among women who drank ≥8 cups/day (1.8%) with no significant difference across intake levels (P = 0.10). Among tea drinkers, there was no difference in GDM across intake levels (1.2%; P = 0.98). After adjustment for age, sociooccupational status, parity, pre‐pregnancy body mass index, smoking, and cola, there was suggestion of a protective, but non‐significant association with increasing coffee (RR ≥8 versus 0 cups/day = 0.89 [95%CI 0.64‐1.25]) and tea (RR ≥8 versus 0 cups/day = 0.77 [95%CI 0.55‐1.08]). Results were similar by smoking status, except a non‐significant 1.45‐fold increased risk with ≥8 coffee cups/day for non‐smokers. There was a non‐significant reduced GDM risk with increasing total caffeine. Conclusions: Our results suggest that moderate first trimester coffee and tea intake were not associated with GDM increased risk and possibly may have a protective effect.