Forskning

July 30, 2014

Evaluation of various biomarkers as potential mediators of the association between coffee consumption and incident type 2 diabetes in the EPIC‐Potsdam study

S Jacobs et al, Evaluation of various biomarkers as potential mediators of the association between coffee consumption and incident type 2 diabetes in the EPIC‐Potsdam study, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, published online ahead of print

Human Study – Type 2 diabetes

ABSTRACT: The inverse association between coffee consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is well established; however, little is known about potential mediators of this association .OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association between coffee consumption and diabetes‐related biomarkers and their potential role as mediators of the association between coffee consumption and T2D.DESIGN: We analyzed a case‐cohort study (subcohort: n = 1610; verified incident T2D cases: n = 417) nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition‐Potsdam study involving 27,548 middle‐aged participants. Habitual coffee consumption was assessed with a validated, semiquantitative food‐frequency questionnaire. We evaluated the association between coffee consumption and several T2D‐related biomarkers, such as liver markers (reflected by γ‐glutamyltransferase, fetuin‐A, and sex hormone binding globulin), markers of dyslipidemia (high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides), inflammation [C‐reactive protein (CRP)], an adipokine (adiponectin), and metabolites, stratified by sex. RESULTS: Coffee consumption was inversely associated with diacyl‐phosphatidylcholine C32:1 in both sexes and with phenylalanine in men, as well as positively associated with acyl‐alkylphosphatidylcholines C34:3, C40:6, and C42:5 in women. Furthermore, coffee consumption was inversely associated with fetuin‐A (P‐trend = 0.06) and CRP in women and γ‐glutamyltransferase and triglycerides in men. Coffee consumption tended to be inversely associated with T2D risk in both sexes, reaching significance only in men [HR (95% CI): women: ≥4 compared with >0 to <2 cups coffee/d: 0.78 (0.46, 1.33); men: ≥5 compared with >0 to <2 cups coffee/d: 0.40 (0.19, 0.81)]. The association between coffee consumption and T2D risk in men was slightly reduced after adjustment for phenylalanine or lipid markers. CONCLUSIONS: Coffee consumption was inversely associated with a diacyl‐phosphatidylcholine and liver markers in both sexes and positively associated with certain acyl‐alkyl‐phosphatidylcholines in women. Furthermore, coffee consumption showed an inverse trend with CRP in women and with triglycerides and phenylalanine in men. However, these markers explained only to a small extent the inverse association between longterm coffee consumption and T2D risk.